Thursday, March 7, 2013

AN EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVE ON RELATIONSHIPS


You are the love of my life! You complete me. I am nothing without you. We are soul mates. You are my other half. My universe begins and ends with you! I will die without you.

What's wrong with this picture? We know almost instinctively that these statements are not only dramatic hyperbole but patently untrue. Even if we have met the love our life, the incontrovertible truth remains that we were alive before we met this paragon, and we must have made enough of ourselves for our lover to want to spend eternity with us. We also have the evidence of others who have managed to pick and go on when a primary relation ends.

One of the above statements of star-struck lovers is actually true: the last one, but not in the way intended. I will die without you. The maudlin lover means, I will die now, this instant (if I cannot manipulate you into saying you love me/say you will never leave my side, etc.) It is factually true, not now (unless suicide follows), but ultimately. All relationships end, one way or another, in either separation or death. If one is in a logical frame of mind, this statement seems obvious. If one is feeling vulnerable or inadequate, this statement seems shocking if not horrifying, because it puts us face to face with the existential truth that ultimately we are alone. Someone may hold our hand when we pass, but after that we are alone or no longer exist– depending on one's belief – just we were when we came into this world. Culture influences us to adumbrate this fact with panic and then with denial. In his treatise on mortality and meaning, Starring at the Sun (2008, pp.81-82), Irvin Yalom references many ideas that have been advanced to normalize mortality and the transitory nature of our existence, such as the so-called “argument of symmetry,” advanced by the ancient philosopher, Epicurus, who observed that our life is but a brief spark between two eternal voids. It is ironic, Yalom observes that we are concerned immensely about the void after our relatively brief life, but usually fail to consider the equally immense void that preceded it. Culturally induced denial of mortality affects all aspects of the way we life our lives: everything seems less precious if one is assumed to live forever. Not only does it shift us away from valuing our relationships; living as if one is eternal adds apparent value to things and fosters materialism and competitiveness. It is a feedback loop of denial: materialistic pursuits and reification of relationships serve the neurotic purpose of diverting attention away from our fear of death which is the motivation for the neurosis. Coming back to the fact of our finitude brings perspective to many aspects of life.

Avoiding awareness of mortality has a profound influence on the way one conducts relationships. If today might be one's last, even one's enemy has a defining meaning. All relationships become important. People are not things, nuisances blocking the path of desire, nor are they vehicles to attaining it. Neither are they jig saw puzzle pieces that magically make us whole.

Avoiding awareness of one's essential and ultimate aloneness also clouds our sense of self-responsibility, takes focus off the plight of the human condition shared by others, blurs boundaries, fosters neediness, fuels expectations, unfairness, aggression and all the emotions that go with these distorted states of mind –in a word, denying existential responsibility for oneself is toxic to relationship.

Avoiding self-responsibility also inhibits our understanding and estimation of ourselves by deflecting the search for self-worth and mean onto others. Distortion of where one's self-esteem comes from is not unrelated to this discussion and has a profound impact on the nature of our connections with others and our ability to have a healthy primary relationship that is free of co-dependence and abuse. Terrence Real defines self-esteem in an existential way:

Self-esteem is your capacity to recognize your worth and value, despite your human flaws and weaknesses. Your value as a person isn't earned; it isn't conditional; it can't be added to or subtracted from. Your essential worth is neither greater nor lesser than that of any other human being. It can't be. Self-esteem is about being, not doing. You have worth simply because you're alive.

Self-esteem comes from the inside out. Thinking otherwise is a delusion. We understand this fundamental ethic in theory. It is the central principle of democracy itself: "All men are created equal." We understand the essential quality of human beings in times of crisis. Medical triage, for example, is based on a patient's need, never on his or her status. ... Yet despite its being central to our morality and the very bedrock of our form of government, somehow most of us manage to all but obliterate the vital truth of essential equality when we think about ourselves. (2008, pp.133-134)


In the search for a mate, one can date from a stance of personal responsibility or from an emotional stance of attempting to fill some unadmitted need, to make up for some assumed inadequacy, to solve some avoided problem, to reinstate some fused family dynamic or to heal attachment wounds that originated in childhood. Perhaps one believes one is too old/ fat/short/stupid/etc. and can be made whole by snagging a partner who is young, fit/tall/smart/etc. Or one needs a partner to be what one's mother/father was not: a history of failing to receive parental approval or attention drives the selection of a partner who is enough like that parent to act as a surrogate in this endlessly repeating drama of never quite believing one is good enough. If taking charge of one's own life is not something one learned or one has arrived in adulthood feeling generally incompetent, hitching oneself to someone else's energy (positive or negative) in order to avoid these feelings, or to feel secure or complete keeps one in denial of the biggest fear of all, that ultimately nobody can provide that security and nobody can augment what one cannot accept about oneself.

When one gets into a relationship to escape the insecurities of one's origins, the diversion may work for a time, but one's growth beyond these old wounds has only been arrested. Bringing existential avoidance into one's closest adult relationship, one is not seeking a relationship; rather a cure or a crutch. Real relationship begins with the premise that a partner is not a surrogate for religion, a medicine or a prosthetic limb, but a human being just like oneself. If one can avoid non-relationships that are really theatres in which to do one's personal development work, all of one's relationships have a better chance of succeeding and flourishing. Knowing and accepting that life is finite, that one's time on this earth is short, that what one makes of one's life is no one else's project, one is far less likely to lose sight of the same limitations faced by others and who we really are. One's understanding of others and what one has a right to expect of them and they of us shifts in the direction of healthier interpersonal boundaries and greater authenticity, cherishing what one has, even if it's not perfect.

Once the transitory nature of relationships and life itself are acknowledged as well as the ways in which partners are forever separate and incapable of fully melding with the other, sentiments such as you are my other half or I cannot bear to be without you come into focus as formulae to inhibit living as a whole person and being responsible in relation to others. While we can feel connection, we recognize that the dream fusion is illusion.

As Budda observed, everything has a beginning and an end; make peace with that and all will be well.


REFERENCES


Real, T. (2008) The New Rules of Marriage. New York: Ballantine

Yalom, I. (2010) Staring at the Sun: overcoming the terror of death. New York: Wiley.